03 / Workflow
Start with the material. Follow it into the design.
Work through materials, micromechanics, laminates, processing and structural design, then share the study through the CDS cloud. Keep the connections visible so you can see which inputs each result depends on.
Connected engineering flow
From material definition to engineering result.
Select a block to explore its inputs, results and theory. Run the engineering solvers in Workbench.
Materials
Traceable constituent properties
Start with source-aware elastic, strength, density and transport data. Teaching records help you explore; qualified design requires appropriate allowables.
Fatigue is optional and separate from progressive failure. An S–N life prediction is not a stiffness or strength reduction. Finite-plate CLT/FSDT and thick-wall cylinder studies have their own limits; they do not automatically include every process or failure model.
Follow the linked physics from constituent data through micromechanics, laminate response, equipment and processing, structural analysis and specialist studies.
Select a stage or model block for its theory and workflow. Open full-size diagram · Explore current model availability and limits. This hierarchy shows the model relationships, not a single simulation with every connection enabled.
Interactive model map
Choose the physics. Follow the connections.
Start with an engineering application, then expand its branch to see models, inputs, results and theory. These six topics cover all 59 current model families, including the specialist studies.
Materials & micromechanics
Design a ply or reinforced feedstock
Explore 1 family · 9 model choices
Micromechanics · 9
Models browser → Micromechanics · source: Micro
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Halpin–Tsai
- Rule of mixtures
- Modified rule of mixtures
- Chamis
- Mori–Tanaka
- Hashin–Rosen
- Self-consistent scheme
- Woven fabric bridging
- Cox shear-lag elastic
One compatible homogenization model per Micro recipe. Use separate recipes for comparisons; they are not combined in a single ply.
Heat, moisture & manufacturing
Cure, pultrusion, conditioning and tool release
Explore 6 families · 19 model choices
Cure, crystallization & material transport · 10
Models → material-model folders · assigned through Materials
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this physical setup
Conceptual setup, not a solved result. Use the existing live process view in Workbench to inspect this exercise’s linked equipment, boundary settings and results.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Kamal–Sourour autocatalytic
- Kamal–Sourour with diffusion control
- Nth-order Arrhenius
- CHILE (degree of cure)
- UV intensity-dependent cure
- Nakamura–Avrami
- Temperature-dependent tabular
- Temperature-dependent thermal properties
- Arrhenius polymer thermal degradation
- 1D Fickian diffusion
Independent model records can be linked together through material inputs. A saved model must be assigned to a material before it contributes to a simulation.
Thermal transport · 4
Models browser → Thermal transport · source: CASES / Thermal
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this physical setup
Conceptual setup, not a solved result. Use the existing live process view in Workbench to inspect this exercise’s linked equipment, boundary settings and results.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- 1D transient heat transfer
- 1D steady-state heat transfer
- 1D pultrusion thermal cure
- Çelik thermal contact resistance
One transport formulation per thermal case. Select its laminate and configure its own initial conditions and surface cycle; pultrusion additionally requires a distance-based die schedule and pulling velocity.
Moisture transport · 2
Models browser → Moisture transport · source: CASES / Moisture
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this physical setup
Conceptual setup, not a solved result. Use the existing live process view in Workbench to inspect this exercise’s linked equipment, boundary settings and results.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- 1D transient moisture diffusion
- 1D steady-state moisture diffusion
One formulation per moisture analysis. Thermal and moisture analyses can both be linked in Simulation; each needs its own boundary conditions.
Nonlinear roller rubber · 1
Models → Roller contact → Rubber constitutive law; assigned through the linked elastomer
The linked pultrusion starter does not contain a rubber-coated roller. Add the coating, a calibrated elastomer and a compatible contact model in Workbench before evaluating this law.
About this physical setup
Conceptual setup, not a solved result. Use the existing live process view in Workbench to inspect this exercise’s linked equipment, boundary settings and results.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Neo-Hookean roller rubber
Linked elastomer material law for finite-strain bonded coating contact. Coefficients require measured calibration.
Rubber-covered roller contact · 1
Geometry → Rollers; Models → Roller contact
Thermal starting point: add roller Geometry and a roller boundary; the supplied die exercise does not contain a roller.
About this physical setup
Conceptual setup, not a solved result. Use the existing live process view in Workbench to inspect this exercise’s linked equipment, boundary settings and results.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Bonded-layer roller contact
Bonded coating on a rigid core against a rigid flat. Geometry selects Infinite width (analytical plane strain) or Finite width (3D elastic contact with axial end spreading). Small deformation and optional prescribed sliding friction; no hyperelasticity or rolling resistance.
Tool-release shape · 1
Structural models → Tool-release shape
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Free-release eigenstrain & spring-in
Free CLT release from prescribed ply-local shrinkage/thermal eigenstrains. Corner spring-in is a separate uniform-strain estimate. Stress-free temperature and effective post-gel shrinkage need calibration. No tool friction, cure kinetics or viscoelastic restraint history.
Welding & internal heating
Connect absorbed power, bondline temperature, pressure and healing
Explore 1 family · 4 model choices
Microwave and induction heating · 4
Cases → Thermal → Incoming material conditions → Internal heating; Equipment → Heating → Electromagnetic
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Microwave calibrated heating
- Microwave layered absorption
- Induction calibrated heating
- Induction analytical coil heating
Internal power in a transient through-thickness thermal stack. Use fixed-property layered microwave absorption, calibrated deposition, or a prescribed-current analytical coil with explicit isolated-sheet conductivity. Analytical field and heat maps feed an area-averaged thermal patch. No cavity, coil-circuit, interply current-network or certified weld-strength solve.
Structural mechanics
Size plates, beams, shells, sandwich panels and joints
Explore 10 families · 20 model choices
Plate · CLT & FSDT · 6
Structural models → Laminate mechanics · CLT / FSDT
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- CLT
- FSDT
- Static bending
- Modal
- Buckling
- Buckling and modal
Choose a formulation and study. Buckling and modal can be requested together; static bending requires FSDT. These are reference-elastic studies, separate from coupled process or progressive failure.
Cylinder · 2
Structural models → Cylinder models
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Linear thin-wall membrane
- Layerwise thick-wall elasticity
Choose one cylinder formulation per case record. Geometry and plies remain shared; thick-wall radial results exclude torsion and process strains.
Membrane, bending & beam buckling · 3
Structural models → Laminate mechanics → Membrane, bending & beam
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Linear static
- Linear static with failure indices
- Beam Euler buckling
Geometry and the case determine the membrane or beam-test interpretation. Euler buckling requires a compatible beam section and a separate reference-elastic study; it is not a strength or local-buckling pass.
Layerwise sections, joints & delamination · 3
Structural models → Layerwise sections & joints
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Layerwise x-z plane strain
- Single-lap x-z plane strain
- Coupled delamination growth
Coupled delamination is available only for the layerwise Plate section and needs calibrated interface and ply properties. Lap-shear uses its separate joint geometry and perfectly bonded elastic formulation.
Sandwich bending · 1
Structural models → Sandwich bending
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Sandwich three-point bend
Dedicated sandwich screening. Check core, faces and nominal bond shear separately; peel, mixed-mode debonding and crack growth are not assessed.
D5961-inspired pretensioned bolted assembly · 1
Structural models > Bolted joints > Analytical preload and failure limits
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Bolted joint · analytical preload and failure limits
Single-fastener monotonic elastic stick, Coulomb slip and clearance-bearing law with independent measured bearing, net-section, shear-out, clamp-compression and bolt-shear limits. Uniform washer pressure; no 3D contact or progressive ultimate failure. ASTM D5961 is a method reference; teaching setup is not a compliance claim.
Bolted assembly · finite-difference fields · 1
Structural models > Bolted joints > Orthotropic finite-difference membrane
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Bolted joint · orthotropic finite-difference membrane
CDS variational finite-difference membrane model, unilateral spring pin and prescribed annular friction. Separately superposed uniform washer compression is not a 3D solution. The cited clamping paper motivates model limits; CDS does not reproduce its 3D progressive-damage formulation.
Hybrid bonded / bolted lap joint · 1
Structural models > Bolted joints > Hybrid bonded / bolted lap joint
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Hybrid joint · Volkersen and discrete bolt load sharing
Equal adherends with adhesive shear-lag, one or two clearance/friction/bearing connectors, closed-form Green-function or finite-difference solution. Shared displacement determines load sharing. No hybrid peel, prying, adhesive plasticity, crack growth or progressive ultimate strength.
Analytical bonded joint · 1
Structural models → Layerwise sections & joints → Analytical bonded joint
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Volkersen & Goland–Reissner joint
Identical equivalent-elastic adherends, long free arms and a thin elastic adhesive. Compare shear-only Volkersen with eccentric single-lap shear and peel. Not a debonding, plasticity or strength calculation.
Cylinder buckling · 1
Structural models → Cylinder models → Cylinder buckling
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Donnell cylinder · axial buckling
Simply supported, thin, specially orthotropic cylinder under uniform axial compression. Discrete Donnell modes; prescribed knockdown factor explores imperfection sensitivity, not a prediction from measured imperfection amplitude. No pressure, torsion, postbuckling or strength pass.
Failure, durability & variability
Assess strength, service life and sensitivity
Explore 7 families · 15 model choices
Failure & envelope comparison · 5
Structural models → Laminate mechanics → Failure criteria
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Maximum stress
- Maximum strain
- Tsai–Hill
- Tsai–Wu
- Hashin
One primary failure criterion per load. In Response → Failure, compare all eligible theories or a custom selection in the envelope controls. Each theory runs independently; criteria are not blended.
Fatigue S–N · 5
Structural models → Laminate mechanics → Fatigue
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Kim–Zhang
- Sendeckyj
- Weibull S–N
- Kohout–Vechet
- Basquin
Select calibrated S–N curves for each material, direction and stress sign in Fatigue. Different sources can use different models. S–N life does not define residual stiffness or strength.
Open-hole strength · 1
Structural models → Laminate mechanics → Failure criteria → Open-hole strength
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Whitney–Nuismer open-hole tension
Infinite-width, specially orthotropic tension screening. Point and average stress distances must be calibrated independently for this laminate. Not compression, bearing or a joint allowable.
Creep & stress relaxation · 1
Structural models → Laminate mechanics → Creep & stress relaxation
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Generalized Maxwell · axial Prony
Linear uniaxial response at the calibration temperature. Reference Ex is the instantaneous modulus. Three Maxwell branches; creep is solved from stress equilibrium, not the reciprocal relaxation modulus. No thermal shifting or nonlinear creep.
LaRC04 failure initiation · 1
Structural models → Laminate mechanics → Failure criteria → LaRC04
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- LaRC04 · linear shear
NASA LaRC04 linear-shear specialization, evaluated at both faces of every ply under membrane and bending loads. Supplied ply strengths are effective/in-situ values; no automatic thin-ply enhancement. Initiation only, not degradation or nonlinear-shear instability.
Fatigue residual properties · 1
Structural models → Laminate mechanics → Fatigue → Residual properties
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Calibrated residual-property fatigue
Prescribed power-law retention fitted to constant-amplitude tests at a fixed stress ratio, amplitude and temperature. Stiffness and strength have independent coefficients. S–N life alone cannot calibrate either. Does not modify the saved laminate.
Uncertainty & sensitivity · 1
Structural models → Uncertainty & sensitivity
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Seeded laminate uncertainty
Seeded independent uniform sampling of shared modulus, ply-thickness and angle offsets. Recomputes laminate ABD for each sample. Bounds are assumptions, not measured distributions. Percentiles and sensitivity are exploratory, not reliability certification.
Virtual test lab
Explore specimen behavior and calibration
Explore 21 families · 21 model choices
D7136-25 · Elastic center impact · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · elastic center impact
First plate mode with CLT bending stiffness and Hertz elastic contact. Symmetric specially orthotropic thin plate, center strike, supplied density and indentation coefficient. Force, displacement and energy histories; higher modes, membrane stiffening, permanent indentation and damage are excluded. ASTM D7136 is a method reference, not a compliance claim.
D7136-25 · Calibrated center impact damage · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · calibrated center impact damage
Two-mass Hertz contact with irreversible calibrated scalar plate stiffness loss and explicit energy accounting. Supplied damage coefficients are illustrative until measured calibration. No damaged area, failure-mode map, penetration or residual CAI strength is predicted.
D6264-23 · Quasi-static center indentation · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · center indentation
Elastic CLT first-mode plate compliance plus Hertz indentation. Symmetric specially orthotropic thin plate and supplied contact coefficient. Total displacement is plate deflection plus contact indentation. Fixture compliance, permanent indentation and damage propagation are excluded.
D6641-23 · Compression coupon · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · compression coupon
Uniform small-strain compression using linked laminate Ex and thickness. Measured compressive strength supplies a screening ratio; fixture, tabs, buckling and failure evolution are not simulated.
D5379-19(2026) / D7078-20(2025) · Shear coupon · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · nominal shear coupon
Uniform nominal shear between notches using linked laminate Gxy and thickness. Not a notch/fixture stress field or nonlinear shear solution. Gauge length is the effective shear deformation length, not crosshead travel.
D5528-21 · DCB opening · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · DCB beam compliance
Ideal Euler–Bernoulli DCB with equal homogeneous 0° arms, each half the linked laminate thickness. No root rotation, shear, large displacement or cohesive growth. Critical load is an initiation estimate from supplied GIc.
D7905-19e1 · ENF sliding · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · ENF beam compliance
Ideal equal-arm, homogeneous 0° ENF beam; support span is twice the half-span. Crack must be shorter than the half-span. No shear/root correction or unstable crack growth. GIIc is supplied, not fitted automatically.
D6671-22 · Mixed-mode fracture envelope · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · BK mixed-mode envelope
Benzeggagh–Kenane envelope from calibrated GIc, GIIc and exponent. Supplied GI/GII are energy-release rates from a separate test reduction or analysis. This does not resolve the MMB lever fixture or propagate a crack.
D5229-20 · Moisture uptake calibration · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · Fickian uptake calibration
Homogeneous slab, initially dry, both faces held at equilibrium moisture. Fits diffusivity from two early uptake measurements (both ≤50% saturation) using the square-root-time approximation. Edge ingress and temperature dependence are excluded. Does not overwrite material properties.
D5961-23 · Bearing / bypass screening · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · bearing bypass screening
Single-pin nominal bearing, net-section and shear-out checks with independent measured allowables. Bypass tension is added to net-section load only. No contact, bolt preload, load redistribution or validated bearing–bypass interaction envelope.
D6484-23 · Open-hole compression · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · measured open-hole compression
Nominal gross/net stress and demand relative to measured open-hole compressive strength for this geometry and layup. This is test-data screening, not an uncalibrated notch-strength prediction. No local buckling or kink-band simulation.
D6742-23 · Filled-hole comparison · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · measured filled-hole comparison
Compares user-measured open- and filled-hole compressive strengths using gross-section stress. Use matched layup, hole, environment and fastener condition. Filling a hole does not automatically recover strength; no fastener contact/preload model is applied.
D7136-25 / D7137-23 · Impact & CAI assessment · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · measured impact and CAI
Incident energy from measured impact velocity; residual compressive strength from measured peak CAI force. Rebound energy estimates energy not returned to the striker, NOT damage energy. No impact/contact solver, damage-area prediction or energy-to-strength extrapolation.
D5766-23 · Open-hole tension · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · measured open-hole tension
Gross/net nominal tension and demand relative to measured open-hole tensile strength for the same geometry and layup. No uncalibrated notch-strength prediction, local hole stress or damage evolution.
D3479-19(2023) · Tension–tension fatigue · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · calibrated tension fatigue
Constant-amplitude Basquin S–N interpolation using stress AMPLITUDE, calibrated at one exact tensile R ratio. Coefficients and limits are hypothetical defaults: replace them and document the measured source/environment in Parameter basis. No damage growth, scatter, self-heating or extrapolated life.
D7291-22 · Flatwise laminate tension · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · flatwise laminate tension
Circular coupon loaded normal to its plane through bonded thick metal end-tabs. Uniform stress uses actual circular area, supplied through-thickness Ez and linked stack thickness. In-plane E2 is not Ez. Block/bond restraint and interlaminar failure evolution are excluded.
C273-20 · Core shear · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · core shear
Bare-core nominal shear between bonded loading plates. Stress is force / bonded plan area; shear strain uses explicit core G and relative plate displacement across linked core thickness. Use a core-only stack. End effects, adhesive slip and cell-scale fields are excluded.
C365-22 · Core flatwise compression · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · core compression
Uniform flatwise compression of a core-only stack between platens. Supplied core Ez gives elastic strain and shortening. Nominal stress uses the full plan area including cells. No crush plateau, densification, platen friction or automatic 2%-deflection strength inference.
C297-16(2024) · Sandwich flatwise tension · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · sandwich flatwise tension
Uniform flatwise tension of equal-faced sandwich bonded to loading blocks. Compare nominal stress with independent measured core, bond and facesheet through-thickness strengths. Explicit Ez values give series compliance; bondline/block compliance is neglected. Core + two faces must equal linked stack thickness.
C393-20 · Sandwich core flexure · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · sandwich core flexure
Symmetric three-point sandwich nominal core shear and mean facesheet stress from actual core/face dimensions. Equal thin faces, negligible axial core load. Core + two faces must match linked stack. Screening only: no indentation, wrinkling, debond growth or predicted displacement.
D7249-20 · Sandwich facesheet flexure · 1
Models → Structural models → ASTM · Virtual Test Lab
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- Virtual test · sandwich facesheet flexure
Symmetric four-point long-beam sandwich with equal thin faces and support span/total thickness >20. Nominal face/core stress plus ideal elastic midspan displacement from supplied face Ex and core G. Ignores axial core stiffness, indentation, wrinkling, adhesive compliance and damage. Not a D7250 stiffness reduction.
Electromagnetics & RF
Design dielectric mixtures, shielding and periodic layers
Explore 13 families · 13 model choices
Wiener series and parallel · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Wiener series and parallel
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Wiener series and parallel
Positive lossless dielectric bounds; complex directional estimates.
Looyenga / Landau–Lifshitz–Looyenga · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Looyenga / Landau–Lifshitz–Looyenga
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Looyenga / Landau–Lifshitz–Looyenga
One cube-root mixing law, not two independent models.
Maxwell–Garnett · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Maxwell–Garnett
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Maxwell–Garnett
Dilute subwavelength spherical inclusions in a host.
Normal-incidence laminate TMM · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Normal-incidence laminate TMM
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Normal-incidence laminate TMM
Coherent isotropic nonmagnetic layers between air half-spaces.
Bruggeman symmetric EMT · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Bruggeman symmetric EMT
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Bruggeman symmetric EMT
Two positive-permittivity phases; no explicit contact network.
EM Mori–Tanaka · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → EM Mori–Tanaka
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · EM Mori–Tanaka
Scalar principal-axis ellipsoidal field approximation.
EM self-consistent · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → EM self-consistent
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · EM self-consistent
Scalar principal-axis self-consistency; spherical case equals Bruggeman.
Differential effective medium · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Differential effective medium
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Differential effective medium
Incremental mixing with time-step refinement check.
Coated sphere and interphase · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Coated sphere and interphase
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Coated sphere and interphase
Concentric subwavelength coated spheres; no dynamic Mie scattering.
Generalized multiphase EMT · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Generalized multiphase EMT
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Generalized multiphase EMT
Spherical multiphase Bruggeman with convergence checks.
Oblique polarized laminate TMM · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → Oblique polarized laminate TMM
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · Oblique polarized laminate TMM
TE or TM waves; scalar isotropic layers, no polarization conversion.
1D transmission line matrix · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → 1D transmission line matrix
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · 1D transmission line matrix
Normal-incidence lossless delay-line mesh with pulse decay, energy and mesh-refinement safeguards. Explicit Run required; not a 3D solver.
1D Floquet–Bloch periodic layers · 1
Models → Electromagnetics · RF → 1D Floquet–Bloch periodic layers
Representative exercise workflow · supplied records remain in place; only used connections have arrows.
About this workflow view
All blocks keep the CREATE / DISCOVER / SIMULATE positions, with Equipment below Geometry; unused records remain disconnected. This changes the view only, not the exercise records. The diagram shows the setup, not solved results.
- EM · 1D Floquet–Bloch periodic layers
Lossless isotropic A/B unit-cell eigenvalues, folded Bloch phase and stop-band attenuation at normal incidence. Not arbitrary-cell homogenization.
Each branch has its own compatible inputs and assumptions—not every model runs in one simulation. Fatigue S–N and calibrated residual-property studies are separate from progressive failure; neither automatically changes the saved laminate or optimization properties. ∑ Fatigue theory.
Optimization, progressive updates, reports and exports support compatible studies. Explore automation and results → · Compare packages and prices →
Find the detail you need
Use the User Guide when you need a control or practical workflow, the Theory Manual to check equations and model limits, and the Training Manual to work through exercises and checkpoints.
Complete PDF and Word editions · Read the Models & Workflow manual · Explore the exercises
RF and microwave studies
Start RF screening with measured electrical properties. These separate studies do not infer dielectric behavior from mechanical data or automatically couple electromagnetic heating into a process cycle.
Models, equations, worked example and limits ↗Explore this section
6 destinationsMaterials
Build reusable records for constituents, polymer composites, metal matrix composites and ceramic matrix composites. Keep each property’s units, temperature and evidence with the material so you can check what you are putting into the model.
→03.2Micromechanics
Start with the constituents and reinforcement architecture. Choose a compatible homogenization model from the released choices, inspect the predicted reference ply properties, then use them in the laminate.
→03.3Laminates
Build the stacking sequence from stored or Micro-derived ply properties. Then choose a compatible structural or separate analytical study to check the response you need.
→03.4Processing
Set the initial state and independent top and bottom schedules, then follow the steady-state or transient response through the thickness before structural analysis. Use effective ply transport properties to study cure exotherm, cure-dependent modulus, polymer kinetics and water uptake or release, and compare candidates through process-cycle optimization.
→03.5Design
Start with the structural question, then choose a compatible released plate, cylinder, beam, section, joint or analytical study. Check the model combination: sharing a laminate does not make every combination valid.
→03.6Cloud
Share the study with its inputs and reasoning intact. CDS cloud workflows support secure collaboration, managed access, versioned engineering records, shared examples and license delivery.
→